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Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1689-1699 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2186-7

摘要： Radicals are important intermediates in direct coal liquefaction. Certain radicals can cause the cleavage of chemical bonds. At high temperatures, radical fragments can be produced by the splitting of large organic molecules, which can break strong chemical bonds through the induction pyrolysis of radicals. The reaction between the formation and annihilation of coal radical fragments and the effect of hydrogen-donor solvents on the radical fragments are discussed in lignite hydrogenolysis. Using the hydroxyl and ether bonds as indicators, the effects of different radicals on the cleavage of chemical bond were investigated employing density functional theory calculations and lignite hydrogenolysis experiments. Results showed that the adjustment of the coal radical fragments could be made by the addition of hydrogen-donor solvents. Results showed that the transition from coal radical fragment to H radical leads to the variation of product distribution. The synergistic mechanism of hydrogen supply and hydrogenolysis of hydrogen-donor solvent was proposed.

关键词： direct coal liquefaction     hydrogen-donor solvent     induced pyrolysis     radical mechanism     density functional theory calculations    

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Extraction of hydrogen chloride by a coupled reaction-solvent extraction process

Yunzhao Li,Xingfu Song,Guilan Chen,Shuying Sun,Yanxia Xu,Jianguo Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 479-487 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1512-8

摘要： A coupled reaction-solvent extraction process was used to remove HCl from a simulated distiller waste. The extraction performances of various extractants and diluents were compared and the apparent basicity of N235 (a mixture of tertiary amines) in various diluents was determined. The best results were obtained using N235 and isoamyl alcohol as the extractant and diluent, respectively. The yield of HCl from the coupled extraction was 75% with this extraction system. The mechanisms for the removal of HCl in both the direct and coupled extractions were investigated. For the coupled extraction, the formation of an R NHCl ion-pair complex was involved in the HCl removal. For the direct extraction, the mechanism involved the formation of hydrogen bonds at high concentrations of HCl.

关键词： hydrogen chloride     distiller waste     coupled reaction and solvent extraction     N235     extraction mechanism    

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performance for aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl palmitate to hydrocarbons using methanol as the hydrogendonor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 443-460 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2079-1

摘要： Carbon-coated Ni, Co and Ni-Co alloy catalysts were prepared by the carbonization of the metal doped resorcinol-formaldehyde resins synthesized by the one-pot extended Stöber method. It was found that the introduction of Co remarkably reduced the carbon microsphere size. The metallic Ni, Co, and Ni-Co alloy particles (mainly 10–12 nm) were uniformly distributed in carbon microspheres. A charge transfer from Ni to Co appeared in the Ni-Co alloy. Compared with those of metallic Ni and Co, the d-band center of the Ni-Co alloy shifted away from and toward the Fermi level, respectively. In the in-situ aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl palmitate with methanol as the hydrogen donor at 330 °C, the decarbonylation/decarboxylation pathway dominated on all catalysts. The Ni-Co@C catalysts gave higher activity than the Ni@C and Co@C catalysts, and the yields of n-pentadecane and n-C6–n-C16 reached 71.6% and 92.6%, respectively. The excellent performance of Ni-Co@C is attributed to the electronic interactions between Ni and Co and the small carbon microspheres. Due to the confinement effect of carbon, the metal particles showed high resistance to sintering under harsh hydrothermal conditions. Catalyst deactivation is due to the carbonaceous deposition, and the regeneration with CO2 recovered the catalyst reactivity.

关键词： Stöber method     carbon-coated Ni-Co alloy     in-situ hydrodeoxygenation     methyl palmitate     decarbonylation/decarboxylation    

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palmitate to diesel-like hydrocarbons on carbon encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds with methanol as hydrogendonor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 139-155 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2217-4

摘要： Porous carbon-encapsulated Ni and Ni–Sn intermetallic compound catalysts were prepared by the one-pot extended Stöber method followed by carbonization and tested for in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation of methyl palmitate with methanol as the hydrogen donor. During the catalyst preparation, Sn doping reduces the size of carbon spheres, and the formation of Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds restrain the graphitization, contributing to larger pore volume and pore diameter. Consequently, a more facile mass transfer occurs in carbon-encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compound catalysts than in carbon-encapsulated Ni catalysts. During the in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation, the synergism between Ni and Sn favors palmitic acid hydrogenation to a highly reactive hexadecanal that easily either decarbonylate to n-pentadecane or is hydrogenated to hexadecanol. At high reaction temperature, hexadecanol undergoes dehydrogenation–decarbonylation, generating n-pentadecane. Also, the C–C bond hydrolysis and methanation are suppressed on Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds, favorable for increasing the carbon yield and reducing the H2 consumption. The n-pentadecane and n-hexadecane yields reached 88.1% and 92.8% on carbon-encapsulated Ni3Sn2 intermetallic compound at 330 °C. After washing and H2 reduction, the carbon-encapsulated Ni3Sn2 intermetallic compound remains stable during three recycling cycles. This is ascribed to the carbon confinement that effectively suppresses the sintering and loss of metal particles under harsh hydrothermal conditions.

关键词： extended Stöber method     carbon encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds     confinement     in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation     hydrogenation     decarbonylation    

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The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 8-14 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0109-y

摘要：

Brain-dead donors have become one of the main sources of organs for transplantation in Western countries. The quality of donor organs is closely related to the outcome of the transplantation. Experimental studies have confirmed the inferior graft survival of livers from brain-dead donors compared with those from living donors. Studies conducted in the past 10 years have shown that brain death is associated with effects on the decreased donor organ quality. However, whether the decrease in the viability of donor organs is caused by brain death or by the events before and after brain death remains uncertain. The purpose of this review is to introduce the advances and controversies regarding the influence of brain death on the viability of donor livers and to summarize the mechanisms of the different protective interventions for donor livers.

关键词： brain death     donor liver    

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Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting with a donor-acceptor polyimide

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0910-8

摘要： Polyimide (PI) has emerged as a promising organic photocatalyst owing to its distinct advantages of high visible-light response, facile synthesis, molecularly tunable donor-acceptor structure, and excellent physicochemical stability. However, the synthesis of high-quality PI photoelectrode remains a challenge, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for PI has been less studied. Herein, the synthesis of uniform PI photoelectrode films via a simple spin-coating method was reported, and their PEC properties were investigated using melamine as donor and various anhydrides as acceptors. The influence of the conjugate size of aromatic unit (phenyl, biphenyl, naphthalene, perylene) of electron acceptor on PEC performance were studied, where naphthalene-based PI photoelectrode exhibited the highest photocurrent response. This is resulted from the unification of wide-range light absorption, efficient charge separation and transport, and strong photooxidation capacity. This paper expands the material library of polymer films for PEC applications and contributes to the rational design of efficient polymer photoelectrodes.

关键词： polyimide (PI) film     photoelectrochemistry     band structure engineering     aromatic unit    

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Micronization of curcumin with biodegradable polymer by supercritical anti-solvent using micro swirl

Kimthet Chhouk, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Shin-Ichro Kawasaki, Motonobu Goto

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 184-193 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1678-3

摘要： Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol compound exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-carcinogenic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, and anti-microbial activity. In this work, a swirl mixer was employed to produce the micronized curcumin with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by the supercritical anti-solvent process to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. The effects of operating parameters such as curcumin/PVP ratio, feed concentration, temperature, pressure, and CO flow rate were investigated. The characterization and solubility of particles were determined by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy. The result shows that the optimal condition for the production of curcumin/PVP particles is at curcumin/PVP ratio of 1:30, feed concentration of 5 mg·mL , temperature of 40 °C, pressure of 15 MPa, and CO flow rate of 15 mL·min . Moreover, the dissolution of curcumin/PVP particles is faster than that of raw curcumin.

关键词： micronization     curcumin     polyvinylpyrrolidone     supercritical anti-solvent     swirl mixer    

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Study of an artificial boundary condition based on the damping-solvent extraction method

Qiang XU, Jianyun CHEN, Jing LI, Mingming WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 281-287 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0167-5

摘要： A new artificial boundary condition for time domain analysis of a structure-unlimited-foundation system was proposed. The boundary condition was based on the damping-solvent extraction method. The principle of the damping-solvent extraction method was described. An artificial boundary condition was then established by setting two spring-damper systems and one artificial damping limited region. A test example was developed to verify that the proposed boundary condition and model had high precision. Compared with the damping-solvent extraction method, this boundary condition is easier to be applied to finite element method (FEM)-based numerical calculations.

关键词： damping-solvent extraction method     structure-unlimited-foundation system     spring-damper system     artificial damping limited region     finite element method    

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Deep eutectic solvent inclusions for high- composite dielectric elastomers

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 996-1002 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2138-2

摘要： Recent advances in novel electroactive devices have placed new requirements on material development. High-performance dielectric elastomers with good mechanical stretchability and high dielectric constant are under high demand. However, the current strategy for fabricating these materials suffers from high cost or low thermal stability, which greatly hinders large-scale industrial production. Herein, we have successfully developed a novel strategy for improving the dielectric constant of polymeric elastomers via deep eutectic solvent inclusion by taking advantage of the low cost, convenient and environmentally benign synthesis process and high ionic conductivity from deep eutectic solvents. The as-prepared composite elastomers showed good stretchability and a greatly enhanced dielectric constant with a negligible increase in dielectric dissipation. Moreover, we have proven the universality of our strategy by using different types of deep eutectic solvents. It is believed that low-cost, easy-synthesis and environmentally friendly deep eutectic solvents including composite elastomers are highly suitable for large-scale industrial production and can greatly broaden the application fields of dielectric elastomers.

关键词： composite materials     deep eutectic solvent     dielectric elastomer     high dielectric constant    

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A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 31-42 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0463-2

摘要： An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di- -butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10–0.31 μg·L and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20–70 μg·kg to a range of 90– 290 μg·kg . Linearity of response between 20 μg·L and 2 mg·L was also established and the correlation coefficients ( ) were all>0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.

关键词： phthalic acid esters     quality assurance and quality control     soil type     accelerated solvent extraction     certified reference materials    

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used as a salvage option for patients with relapsed acute leukemia post-chemotherapy plus modified donor

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 728-739 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0833-x

摘要： Relapse is the main problem after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The outcome of a second allo-HSCT (HSCT2) for relapse post-HSCT has shown promising results in some previous studies. However, little is known about the efficacy of HSCT2 in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia (AL) post-chemotherapy plus modified donor lymphocyte infusion (post-Chemo+m-DLI) after the first allo-HSCT (HSCT1). Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of HSCT2 in 28 patients with relapsed/refractory AL post-Chemo+m-DLI in our center. With a median follow-up of 918 (457–1732) days, 26 patients (92.9%) achieved complete remission, and 2 patients exhibited persistent disease. The probabilities of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) 1 year after HSCT2 were 25.0% and 21.4%, respectively. The cumulative incidences of nonrelapse mortality on day 100 and at 1 year post-HSCT2 were 7.1%±4.9% and 25.0%±8.4%. The cumulative incidences of relapse were 50.0%±9.8% and 53.5%±9.9% at 1 and 2 years post-HSCT2, respectively. Risk stratification prior to HSCT1 and percentage of blasts before HSCT2 were independent risk factors for OS post-HSCT2, and relapse within 6 months post-HSCT1 was an independent risk factor for DFS and relapse post-HSCT2. Our findings suggest that HSCT2 could be a salvage option for patients with relapsed AL post-Chemo+m-DLI.

关键词： second hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     acute leukemia     relapse     chemotherapy     modified donor lymphocyte infusion    

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Purification of artemisinin from quercetin by anti-solvent crystallization

Chandrakant R. MALWADE, Haiyan QU, Ben-Guang RONG, Lars P. CHRISTENSEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 72-78 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1305-x

摘要： In the present work, anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin from four different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, and acetone) was studied. Water was used as anti-solvent. The effect of an impurity (quercetin) on the performance of anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin was investigated. The fundamental process data such as solubility of artemisinin in pure organic solvents and their binary mixtures with varying composition water were measured at room temperature. The solubility of quercetin was measured only in pure organic solvents at room temperature. Anti-solvent crystallization experiments were designed based on the fundamental process data determined. Firstly, the anti-solvent crystallization of artemisinin without impurity was performed from all four organic solvents and then the experiments were repeated with addition of an impurity (quercetin) while keeping all other process parameters constant. Two different concentrations of impurity, i.e., 10% and 50% of its solubility, in the respective organic solvents at room temperature were used. The effect of impurity on performance of anti-solvent crystallization was evaluated by comparing the yield and purity of the artemisinin obtained with those in the absence of impurity. Results of the present work demonstrated that the presence of quercetin in the solution does not affect the final yield of artemisinin from the solution of each of four organic solvents used. However, the purity of artemisinin crystals were reduced when quercetin concentration was 50% of its solubility in all solvents studied.

关键词： anti-solvent crystallization     artemisinin     quercetin     solubility     Artemisia annua    

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Everyone has a donor: contribution of the Chinese experience to global practice of haploidentical hematopoietic

Meng Lv, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 45-56 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0595-7

摘要： Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have long been scarce in China. Haploidentical (haplo) donors are available for the vast majority of patients, but toxicity has limited this approach. Three new approaches for haplo-HSCT originated from Italy, China, and USA in 1990 and have been developed to world-renowned system up to now. The Chinese approach have been greatly improved by implementing new individualized conditioning regimens, donor selection based on non-HLA systems, risk-directed strategies for graft-versus-host disease and relapse, and infection management. Haplo-HSCT has exhibited similar efficacy to HLA-matched HSCT and has gradually become the predominant donor source and the first alternative donor choice for allo-HSCT in China. Registry-based analyses and multicenter studies adhering to international standards facilitated the transformation of the unique Chinese experience into an inspiration for the refinement of global practice. This review will focus on how the new era in which “everyone has a donor” will become a reality in China.

关键词： haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     conditioning     graft-versus-host disease     relapse     infection     donor selection    

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Review of solvent based carbon-dioxide capture technologies

Kathryn A. MUMFORD,Yue WU,Kathryn H. SMITH,Geoffrey W. STEVENS

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 125-141 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1514-6

摘要： Currently, a large proportion of global fossil fuel emissions originate from large point sources such as power generation or industrial processes. This trend is expected to continue until the year 2030 and beyond. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), a straightforward and effective carbon reduction approach, will play a significant role in reducing emissions from these sources into the future if atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions are to be stabilized and global warming limited below a threshold of 2 °C. This review provides an update on the status of large scale integrated CCS technologies using solvent absorption for CO capture and provides an insight into the development of new solvents, including advanced amine solvents, amino acid salts, carbonate systems, aqueous ammonia, immiscible liquids and ionic liquids. These proposed new solvents aim to reduce the overall cost CO capture by improving the CO absorption rate, CO capture capacity, thereby reducing equipment size and decreasing the energy required for solvent regeneration.

关键词： large scale     carbon dioxide     carbon capture     solvent absorption    

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Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 56-67 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2185-8

摘要： Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful, which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss. In this study, coordination mechanism of vanadium in acid leaching solution at low pH was investigated with the intervention of chloride ions. Under the conditions of pH 0.8, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid concentration of 20%, phase ratio of 1:2, and extraction time of 8 min, the vanadium extraction could reach 80.00%. The Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization results reveal that, despite the fact that the chloride ion in the leachate could significantly promote vanadium extraction, the chloride ion does not enter the organic phase, indicating an intriguing phenomenon. Among Cl−–V, SO42−–V, and H2O–V, the V–Cl bond is longer and the potential difference between coordinate ions and vanadium is smaller. Therefore, VO2+ gets easily desorbed with chloride ions and enter the organic phase. At the same time, the hydrogen ions of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid also enter the water phase more easily, which reduces the pH required for the extraction reaction.

关键词： vanadium     black shale     solvent extraction     high acidity extraction    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Regulation of radicals by hydrogen-donor solvent in direct coal liquefaction

期刊论文

Extraction of hydrogen chloride by a coupled reaction-solvent extraction process

Yunzhao Li,Xingfu Song,Guilan Chen,Shuying Sun,Yanxia Xu,Jianguo Yu

期刊论文

performance for aqueous phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl palmitate to hydrocarbons using methanol as the hydrogendonor

期刊论文

palmitate to diesel-like hydrocarbons on carbon encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds with methanol as hydrogendonor

期刊论文

The influence of brain death on donor liver and the potential mechanisms of protective intervention

null

期刊论文

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting with a donor-acceptor polyimide

期刊论文

Micronization of curcumin with biodegradable polymer by supercritical anti-solvent using micro swirl

Kimthet Chhouk, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Shin-Ichro Kawasaki, Motonobu Goto

期刊论文

Study of an artificial boundary condition based on the damping-solvent extraction method

Qiang XU, Jianyun CHEN, Jing LI, Mingming WANG

期刊论文

Deep eutectic solvent inclusions for high- composite dielectric elastomers

期刊论文

A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid

Tingting MA, Ying TENG, Peter CHRISTIE, Yongming LUO, Yongshan CHEN, Mao YE, Yujuan HUANG

期刊论文

used as a salvage option for patients with relapsed acute leukemia post-chemotherapy plus modified donor

期刊论文

Purification of artemisinin from quercetin by anti-solvent crystallization

Chandrakant R. MALWADE, Haiyan QU, Ben-Guang RONG, Lars P. CHRISTENSEN

期刊论文

Everyone has a donor: contribution of the Chinese experience to global practice of haploidentical hematopoietic

Meng Lv, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

期刊论文

Review of solvent based carbon-dioxide capture technologies

Kathryn A. MUMFORD,Yue WU,Kathryn H. SMITH,Geoffrey W. STEVENS

期刊论文

Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with

期刊论文